Digital Audio Insider -- the economics of music and other digital content


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Digital Audio Insider is David Harrell's blog about the economics of music and other digital content. I write from the perspective of a musican who has self-released four albums with the indie rock band the Layaways.

My personal website has links to my LinkedIn and Google+ pages and you can send e-mail to david [at] thelayaways [dot] com.

As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.

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If you enjoy this site, please consider downloading a Layaways track or album from iTunes, Amazon MP3, Bandcamp, or eMusic. CDs are available from CD Baby and Amazon.

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September 26, 2011

Monday Odds and Ends: Beatles Edition
by David Harrell
I'm a life-long Beatles fan, but this bit from Peter Doggett's "You Never Give Me Your Money" was news to me:
In a strange precursor of the 'Home taping is killing music' campaign of the 1980s and the 21st century concern about illegal downloads, Lennon and McCartney feared that record sales would suffer if the newly devised cassette tape recorder went into mass circulation. Mardas developed an electronic signal that could be added to recorded sound to prevent it being copied. 'It seemed quite possible,' noted commentator Tony Palmer in 1969, 'that within a few years, every single record sold anywhere in the world would carry this device, and thus pay to the Beatles a royalty.'
The Wall Street Journal collects some negative quotes about the band, from "10 Ways to Recycle a Corpse" by Karl Shaw.

And nearly one year after the introduction of Beatles music to the iTunes catalog, George Harrison's "Here Comes the Sun" remains the top-selling digital Beatles track. Harrison compositions also account for three of the top-12 tracks on the group's Last.fm listener chart. As a composer, Harrison famously had to fight for space on Beatles albums -- I wonder if the emergence of this type of data has altered the internal dynamics of modern bands with multiple songwriters. It not just ego or the struggle for artistic expression -- songwriting and performance royalties (the latter are paid only to the composer and publisher for terrestrial radio play in the U.S.) often dwarf those from music sales and can result in huge income disparities among band members.

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September 06, 2011

Tuesday Odds and Ends: Unlimited Cloud Music Storage from Amazon
by David Harrell
I opened my Amazon Cloud Player for the first time in a while and noticed that Amazon has quietly (no press release, I believe) upped the storage limits for mp3 and AAC music files, perhaps in an anticipation of the release of Apple's iTunes Match. All paid Amazon Cloud storage plans now include unlimited space for music files:

Amazon Cloud storage limits for music
BTW, my "$20 a year" subscription was a freebie upgrade after purchasing a $2.99 album from Amazon MP3. Cloud storage isn't free, but if anyone can afford to give it away, it's Amazon.

From a Billboard interview -- why Lindsey Buckingham opted to self-release his new album:
How did you go from lifelong major-label artist to self-releasing Seeds We Sow?

My deal with Warner Bros. had expired. Trying to shop this album was kind of like starting over. I actually started [shopping] with Warner Bros. [chairman] Rob Cavallo, who is a friend of mine and is in this new position over there. Rob liked it a lot, and then he had to go back and deal with the people in Burbank [Calif.], and when I talked to him on the phone, he started talking about the numbers he had to make quarterly, and I thought, "Well, that's the end of that." I did talk to a few independent labels and finally decided that what they were doing was something I could probably just as easily do myself.
Finally, I haven't digested the entire piece, but the following paragraph was excerpted on Andrew Sullivan's blog and it got me thinking about ego gratification and self-released musicians:
I'm astonished at how readily a great many people I know, young people, have accepted a reduced economic prospect and limited freedoms in any substantial sense, and basically traded them for being able to screw around online. There are just a lot of people who feel that being able to get their video or their tweet seen by somebody once in a while gets them enough ego gratification that it's okay with them to still be living with their parents in their 30s.
Without the new forms of gratification that the Internet has enabled for musicians -- music blog posts and reviews, Last.fm listening stats, etc. -- would we see much less self-released music? It's not the primary reason I record and release music, but there is a level of feedback/audience reach available today that was unimaginable a decade or so ago, and it's a "payment" of sorts for your efforts. Back in the day, a self-released album could easily disappear without a trace. Today, you can at least count on a minimal amount of online attention, even if sales are minimal.

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August 26, 2011

Friday Flashback Fun: 1983 Apple Commercial
by David Harrell
I don't have anything profound to say about Wednesday's news about Steve Jobs, but it somehow reminded me of something I posted a few years back -- this 1983 Apple commercial, where Kevin Costner bikes to the office on the weekend (with the family dog) to work all on night on his Apple computer:


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August 05, 2011

Friday Flashback Fun: Time Magazine's October 2000 Cover Story on Napster
by David Harrell
Time Magazine Napster Cover
Time flies -- it's hard to believe that this was all happening more than a decade ago:
The issue may come down to what Napster lead attorney David Boies, who successfully prosecuted the Department of Justice's case against Microsoft, describes as "the definition of commercial or noncommercial uses." It is perfectly legal for consumers to copy music for their own enjoyment--i.e., noncommercial use. Congress has even declared, in the Audio Home Recording Act of 1992, that it is legal to make recordings and lend them out to people, provided it is not done for commercial purposes. It is unlawful, of course, if it's done to make a profit. "The law does not distinguish between large-scale and small-scale sharing or lending," insists Boies, who puts Napster's chance of winning the suit at fifty-fifty.

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July 27, 2011

Is Apple's Stock a Buy? Either Way, You Probably Already Own It
by David Harrell
Apple stock banner
Apple's stock has had quite the run over the past few years -- it's up more than 290% since the beginning of 2009 and it closed yesterday at more than $400 a share. Even though Apple (AAPL) is only about the 35th largest company in the U.S. when measured by total revenue, in terms of total market capitalization (the total value of all of its shares), it's now the second biggest public company in the U.S.

Some stock analysts, including those at Morningstar (my employer) argue that Apple has established some unique competitive advantages over its rivals. Others are more pessimistic, pointing to concerns such as the health issues of CEO Steve Jobs, the potential vulnerability of having such large percentage of revenue coming from the iPhone line, and that relatively expensive products put Apple at a disadvantage in some markets.

Yet whatever your opinion of the prospects of Apple, and even if you've never considered purchasing the stock, you probably already own some of it. Apple is the second-largest component of the S&P 500 index and most retirement plans include index funds that seek to mimic the performance of the S&P by holding most (if not all) of its underlying components. So if you invest in such a fund via a 401(k) or 403(b) retirement plan, you currently own approximately $3 of Apple stock for every $100 invested in that fund. And some actively-managed stock funds have an even larger percentage of their assets invested in Apple. (In interest of full disclosure, I own exactly three shares of Apple directly and have additional exposure to the stock via my mutual fund holdings.)

You can, of course, say the same thing about most large public companies. That is, if you hold stock mutual funds, you own, indirectly, most well known firms, including other tech giants such as Google, Microsoft, and IBM. But if you're a fan of Apple products, perhaps it's some consolation to know that a portion of the money you've spent on your iPod, iPad, or iPhone might -- in theory -- make its way back to you if it helps increase the price of Apple's stock.

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July 22, 2011

Friday Flashback Fun: Rock Stars and Their Parents in 1971
by David Harrell
1971 Life magazine cover
Here's the main reason I really want an iPad (or the upcoming tablet from Amazon): The amazing collection of magazines scanned at Google Books. You can't print or download them, so a tablet computer seems like the ideal way to browse and read them.

This 1971 Life cover story is a trip, with photos of various music stars with their parents, including Elton John at the tender age of 24.

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July 21, 2011

A Funny Spotify Experiment: Why Judas Priest Sounds Just Like Jerry Reed
by David Harrell
Spotify Banner
The fact that the Spotify interface allows you to play tracks stored in your iTunes and Windows Media libraries made me wonder what happens when you use Spotify to "stream" a track you already own. From a performance standpoint, it makes sense for Spotify to pull the file from your hard drive. And doing so would also -- in theory -- relieve Spotify of any obligation to compensate the record company for that play, as the situation would be no different than listening to a track in iTunes.

After a quick experiment, I can confirm that Spotify (at least the free subscription I'm using) will default to a local file, if one is available.

I deliberately looked for a song on Spotify that I didn't own, the Judas Priest classic "Living After Midnight," and noted its length. I then searched my iTunes library for songs with the exact same length and Jerry Reed's "She Got the Goldmine (I Got the Shaft)" seemed the most ridiculous match (yes, for some reason I actually downloaded that song from eMusic...). I made a copy of the mp3 file and changed the ID tags of the copy to match the artist, song title, and album for "Living After Midnight."

Sure enough, when I play "Living After Midnight" using Spotify, I hear Jerry Reed instead of Judas Priest. However, the song appears multiple times in the Spotify catalog on different compilation records. So if I stream a version from a different album, I hear the actual Judas Priest song, as served up by Spotify. As it turns out, the song lengths don't need to match, just the ID tags -- "Hell Bent for Leather" now sounds exactly like the Flaming Lips...

Judas Priest -- Living After Midnight:



Jerry Reed -- She Got the Goldmine (I Got the Shaft):



related: More On Spotify, A Very Quick Spotify Review, Spot the Spotify Payment, Our First Spotify Payouts

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link 3 comments e-mail listen to the Layaways on Spotify


July 20, 2011

More On Spotify
by David Harrell
Spotify Banner
About that download application: In my quick review of Spotify, I was mildly surprised that it wasn't browser-based, like the other streaming subscription services. This Businessweek story explains why:
Spotify owes a more direct technical debt to file sharing: The very technology that makes it so fast is borrowed from techniques honed while sharing pirated files. Both Ek and, later, two of his engineers say that once you click a button, anything that happens within 200 milliseconds seems directly under your control. To beat 200 milliseconds, Spotify runs not as a Web service but as an application on your computer. (According to Ek, the local application allows the company to supply labels with more granular data than other streaming services as well.) Songs you listen to often on Spotify sit, encrypted, on your hard drive. The application looks first for these; if it doesn't find them, it pulls down 15 seconds of the song from the closest server while it looks for copies of the rest of the song on the hard drives of other users near you.
At the Wall Street Journal, Katherine Boehret had a similar take to mine -- she was impressed by the streaming performance and noticed the lack of editorial content for music discovery.

As Billboard's Glenn Peoples pointed out yesterday, the U.S. launch of Spotify generated a fair amount of buzz. Will Spotify be the service that causes U.S. music fans to finally embrace the subscription streaming model? Maybe, but I can't help wondering what the folks at Napster, Rhapsody, and MOG are thinking these days. I haven't conducted (or seen) any extensive A/B tests, but it appears that Spotify might have a slight edge over the earlier services in terms of performance. Yet aside from a possible small advantage there, it's essentially identical to the other streaming services.

Being first to market, of course, doesn't guarantee success. The iPod wasn't the first portable digital music player, but it was the breakout one. If Spotify turns out to be the breakout music subscription service, it won't be because it has an iPod-like superiority to previous services. It might owe more to timing than anything else. Perhaps Spotify, with a modest performance advantage and a solid reputation in Europe, arrived at just the right moment for the U.S. market.

related: A Very Quick Spotify Review, Spot the Spotify Payment, Our First Spotify Payouts

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link 4 comments e-mail listen to the Layaways on Spotify


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THE LAYAWAYS

Out Now -- "Maybe Next Year" -- The New Holiday Album:

<a href="http://thelayaways.bandcamp.com/album/maybe-next-year">Joy To The World by The Layaways</a>

"This is a sweet treat, deliciously musical without being overbaked for mass media consumption." -- Hyperbolium

"Perfect listening to accompany whatever holiday preparations you may be making today." -- Bag of Songs


O Christmas Tree - free mp3 lyrics and song details
Away In A Manger - free mp3

Download from eMusic, iTunes, Amazon MP3, or Bandcamp. Listen to free streams at Last.fm.



album cover art from The Space Between

<a href="http://thelayaways.bandcamp.com/album/the-space-between">Keep It To Yourself by The Layaways</a>

"...about as melodic and hooky as indie pop can get." -- Absolute Powerpop

"Their laid-back, '60s era sounds are absolutely delightening." -- 3hive

"...melodic, garage-influenced shoegaze." -- RCRD LBL

Where The Conversation Ends - free mp3
January - free mp3
Keep It To Yourself - free mp3

Download from eMusic, iTunes, Amazon MP3, or CD Baby, stream it at Last.fm or Napster.



album cover art from We've Been Lost

<a href="http://thelayaways.bandcamp.com/album/weve-been-lost">Silence by The Layaways</a>

"The Layaways make fine indie pop. Hushed vocals interweave with understated buzzing guitars. The whole LP is a revelation from the start." -- Lost Music

"Catchy Guided by Voices-like rockers who lay it on sweetly and sincerely, just like Lionel Richie." -- WRUV Radio

Silence - free mp3 lyrics and song details
The Long Night - free mp3

Download from eMusic, Amazon MP3, or iTunes, stream it at Last.fm, Napster, or Rhapsody.



album cover art from More Than Happy

"These are songs that you want to take home with you, curl up with, hold them close -- and pray that they are still with you when you wake up." -- The Big Takeover

Let Me In - free mp3
Ocean Blue - free mp3

Download from eMusic, Amazon MP3, or iTunes, stream it at Last.fm, Napster, or Rhapsody.

More Layaways downloads:

download the Layaways at eMusic download the Layaways at iTunes

the layaways website