Digital Audio Insider -- the economics of music and other digital content


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Digital Audio Insider is David Harrell's blog about the economics of music and other digital content. I write from the perspective of a musican who has self-released four albums with the indie rock band the Layaways.

My personal website has links to my LinkedIn and Google+ pages and you can send e-mail to david [at] thelayaways [dot] com.

As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.

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If you enjoy this site, please consider downloading a Layaways track or album from iTunes, Amazon MP3, Bandcamp, or eMusic. CDs are available from CD Baby and Amazon.

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September 20, 2006

A Tough Decision
by David Harrell
A Tough Decision
As reported by Coolfer and other folks, Yahoo is giving music buyers the choice between mp3 and WMA versions of the new Jesse McCartney album. Yahoo is also providing this handy comparison chart to help you choose the format:

mp3/WMA comparison chart


I'd love to see how many buyers actually opt for the WMA files...

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CD Baby Delivers Digital Content To Amazon
by David Harrell



Just saw in our CD Baby account that our second album was "delivered" on September 19 for digital distribution via Amazon.com. There's no mention of Amazon yet in CD Baby's list of digital distribution partners, but things are obviously moving along with Amazon.com's proposed music subscription service.

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Wednesday Odds and Ends
by David Harrell
Wednesday Odds and Ends
Matthew Shaer on music recommendation engines (Last.fm, Pandora, etc.) in Slate:
So, let's say a newfangled recommender takes off. What are the implications? First, the large-scale "depackaging" already initiated by the advent of the iPod would be expedited. Bands would spend less time on sequencing since a computer would be combing songs for individual characteristics that have nothing to do with the rest of the record. Musical content would "float" in libraries, waiting to be scooped up by a recommender.
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Jason Fry writes in the WSJ about another advantage of digital downloads -- anonymity, no one knows what you're buying:
Therein lies a rarely discussed part of digital music's appeal. Sure, the Internet has revolutionized the spread of information and all that high-minded stuff, but its combination of reach and anonymity also makes it the greatest enabler of guilty pleasures ever invented. Indulgence is just a click away, and nobody needs to know, except you and some server somewhere. (At least you hope; iTunes and other legal digital-music services promise to guard your privacy.)
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September 19, 2006

More Napster
by David Harrell
More Napster
Napster shares were up 13% today, trading more than 13X the usual volume. But none of the analysts quoted in this Smart Money piece seem to think much of its prospects.

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Napster News, Profits from Breakage
by David Harrell
Napster News, Profits from Breakage
Napster is in the news today after announcing it has hired UBS to help evaluate third-party interest and/or strategic alliances.

I didn't realize (or maybe I had just forgotten) that Napster (NAPS) is a public company until I did a little research on the firm last week to respond to a comment to this post. Which means that all the details about the firm's finances are available in its public SEC filings.

According to its most recent 10K filing, Napster's online subscription service itself generated more than $25 million in gross profits for the fiscal year ending March 31, after royalty payments, bandwidth, hosting, etc. And Napster managed to increase its subscriber base to 606,000 as of March 31, 2006 from 412,000 as of March 31, 2005.

But Napster is spending a TON of money to acquire those subscribers ($51.7 million in sales and marketing), and for R&D ($13.1 million) and administrative costs ($20.8 million). All of which adds up to a net loss of nearly $55 million on sales of $94.7 million for the 2006 fiscal year. (Today's press release talks about annual revenues and Napster's strong cash reserves, but doesn't mention how much money the firm is losing each year.)

I didn't see any specific stats in the filings regarding subscriber retention/churn. That seems to be a (the?) key factor for any potential profitability for Napster. As long as it has to spend so much to maintain its subscriber base, profitability seems unlikely.

There was one very interesting tidbit in the firm's most recent 10Q quarterly filing, though. Those pre-paid cards are turning out to be very profitable because some purchasers never get around to using them:
Revenues from prepaid cards and promotions are deferred and then recognized as (i) tracks are downloaded by the end users, (ii) if redeemed for a subscription, over the subscription period or (iii) when Napster has no further obligation to provide services or refund the associated prepayments ("prepaid card breakage"). As of June 30, 2006, we have not had sufficient historical experience to estimate prepaid card breakage rates, so we recognize prepaid card breakage when our obligation to honor the redemption of the prepaid cards or promotions has legally expired. During the first quarter of fiscal 2007, based on the resolution of certain legal restrictions associated with previously sold prepaid cards, we recognized $2.2 million of prepaid card breakage, of which $1.9 million relates to cards that were subject to expiration based on their term prior to 2007 but had other legal restrictions that precluded our recognition of revenue. The remaining $300,000 was related to cards that expired during the first quarter of fiscal 2007.
I wonder if such "breakage" might turn out to be a profit center for the other subscription services and online stores.

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September 18, 2006

Monday's Wall Street Journal
by David Harrell
Monday's Wall Street Journal
The WSJ on the Rhapsody-specific portable music player:
There's no mystery here that what they've done is worth copying and improving on," Eli Harari, chief executive of SanDisk, says of Apple's approach to digital music.

Despite Apple's imposing lead, its rivals believe they may be able to win over consumers -- including large numbers of people who haven't already bought digital music players -- by offering products with features that aren't currently available from Apple. For example, Microsoft's new digital music device, Zune, has the ability to wirelessly share music, something iPods don't currently do. RealNetworks, for its part, plans to load SanDisk players with 30 hours music from artists like Coldplay, Jay-Z and the Rolling Stones (the songs can be played for 30 days, or longer if users become paying customers of Rhapsody).
And the YouTube revenue-sharing agreement with Warner Music Group:
The agreement, to take effect before the end of the year, illustrates YouTube's push to tackle the thorny copyright issues facing it and other sites that allow users to upload video content. YouTube is developing an automated system to digitally identify copyrighted music and video uploaded by its users. It will then give a percentage of revenue from any ads that appear alongside those videos on YouTube's Web site, if their owners have agreements with YouTube and opt for that rather than having the videos removed.

The closely held San Mateo, Calif., startup said it would extend that system to other copyright owners beyond Warner Music.

"Warner Music Group becomes the first media company working with us to truly embrace the power of user-generated content and allow users to use their content in legal ways, and be able to benefit by generating revenue," said YouTube Chief Executive Chad Hurley.
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September 15, 2006

What the F**k?
by David Harrell
What the F**k?
The iTunes store is protecting the sensibilities of the masses by listing the new Yo La Tengo album as: "I Am Not Afraid Of You And I Will Beat Your A*s." Yet the Apple folks appear to have no problem with the name of this band.

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Friday Flashback Fun: 1983 Apple Presentation
by David Harrell
No, not the one earlier this week. It's 1983 and an unbelievably smug-looking Steve Jobs describes the coming battle between Apple and the evil IBM:


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THE LAYAWAYS

Out Now -- "Maybe Next Year" -- The New Holiday Album:

<a href="http://thelayaways.bandcamp.com/album/maybe-next-year">Joy To The World by The Layaways</a>

"This is a sweet treat, deliciously musical without being overbaked for mass media consumption." -- Hyperbolium

"Perfect listening to accompany whatever holiday preparations you may be making today." -- Bag of Songs


O Christmas Tree - free mp3 lyrics and song details
Away In A Manger - free mp3

Download from eMusic, iTunes, Amazon MP3, or Bandcamp. Listen to free streams at Last.fm.



album cover art from The Space Between

<a href="http://thelayaways.bandcamp.com/album/the-space-between">Keep It To Yourself by The Layaways</a>

"...about as melodic and hooky as indie pop can get." -- Absolute Powerpop

"Their laid-back, '60s era sounds are absolutely delightening." -- 3hive

"...melodic, garage-influenced shoegaze." -- RCRD LBL

Where The Conversation Ends - free mp3
January - free mp3
Keep It To Yourself - free mp3

Download from eMusic, iTunes, Amazon MP3, or CD Baby, stream it at Last.fm or Napster.



album cover art from We've Been Lost

<a href="http://thelayaways.bandcamp.com/album/weve-been-lost">Silence by The Layaways</a>

"The Layaways make fine indie pop. Hushed vocals interweave with understated buzzing guitars. The whole LP is a revelation from the start." -- Lost Music

"Catchy Guided by Voices-like rockers who lay it on sweetly and sincerely, just like Lionel Richie." -- WRUV Radio

Silence - free mp3 lyrics and song details
The Long Night - free mp3

Download from eMusic, Amazon MP3, or iTunes, stream it at Last.fm, Napster, or Rhapsody.



album cover art from More Than Happy

"These are songs that you want to take home with you, curl up with, hold them close -- and pray that they are still with you when you wake up." -- The Big Takeover

Let Me In - free mp3
Ocean Blue - free mp3

Download from eMusic, Amazon MP3, or iTunes, stream it at Last.fm, Napster, or Rhapsody.

More Layaways downloads:

download the Layaways at eMusic download the Layaways at iTunes

the layaways website